diff --git a/test/conftest.py b/test/conftest.py
index 966bb8f5..bed56331 100644
--- a/test/conftest.py
+++ b/test/conftest.py
@@ -159,9 +159,7 @@ def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc):
                     type + ' ' + available_versions[0]
                 )
             elif callable(prereq_version):
-                generate_tests(
-                    list(filter(prereq_version, available_versions))
-                )
+                generate_tests(list(filter(prereq_version, available_versions)))
 
             else:
                 raise ValueError(
@@ -320,9 +318,7 @@ def run(request):
 
                 public_dir(path)
 
-                if os.path.isfile(path) or stat.S_ISSOCK(
-                    os.stat(path).st_mode
-                ):
+                if os.path.isfile(path) or stat.S_ISSOCK(os.stat(path).st_mode):
                     os.remove(path)
                 else:
                     for attempt in range(10):
@@ -520,7 +516,7 @@ def _clear_conf(sock, *, log=None):
 
     try:
         certs = json.loads(
-            http.get(url='/certificates', sock_type='unix', addr=sock,)['body']
+            http.get(url='/certificates', sock_type='unix', addr=sock)['body']
         ).keys()
 
     except json.JSONDecodeError:
@@ -528,7 +524,9 @@ def _clear_conf(sock, *, log=None):
 
     for cert in certs:
         resp = http.delete(
-            url='/certificates/' + cert, sock_type='unix', addr=sock,
+            url='/certificates/' + cert,
+            sock_type='unix',
+            addr=sock,
         )['body']
 
         assert 'success' in resp, 'remove certificate'
@@ -554,9 +552,7 @@ def _check_fds(*, log=None):
         )
         ps['fds'] += fds_diff
 
-        assert (
-            fds_diff <= option.fds_threshold
-        ), 'descriptors leak main process'
+        assert fds_diff <= option.fds_threshold, 'descriptors leak main process'
 
     else:
         ps['fds'] = _count_fds(unit_instance['pid'])
@@ -588,7 +584,8 @@ def _count_fds(pid):
 
     try:
         out = subprocess.check_output(
-            ['procstat', '-f', pid], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+            ['procstat', '-f', pid],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
         ).decode()
         return len(out.splitlines())
 
@@ -597,7 +594,8 @@ def _count_fds(pid):
 
     try:
         out = subprocess.check_output(
-            ['lsof', '-n', '-p', pid], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+            ['lsof', '-n', '-p', pid],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
         ).decode()
         return len(out.splitlines())
 
diff --git a/test/python/204_no_content/asgi.py b/test/python/204_no_content/asgi.py
index 634facc2..5dbb67d0 100644
--- a/test/python/204_no_content/asgi.py
+++ b/test/python/204_no_content/asgi.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 async def application(scope, receive, send):
     assert scope['type'] == 'http'
 
-    await send({
-        'type': 'http.response.start',
-        'status': 204,
-        'headers': [],
-    })
+    await send(
+        {
+            'type': 'http.response.start',
+            'status': 204,
+            'headers': [],
+        }
+    )
diff --git a/test/test_asgi_websockets.py b/test/test_asgi_websockets.py
index feb99fbb..975be90a 100644
--- a/test/test_asgi_websockets.py
+++ b/test/test_asgi_websockets.py
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ class TestASGIWebsockets(TestApplicationPython):
 
         self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'fragment1', fin=False)
         self.ws.frame_write(
-            sock, self.ws.OP_CONT, 'fragment2', length=2 ** 64 - 1
+            sock, self.ws.OP_CONT, 'fragment2', length=2**64 - 1
         )
 
         self.check_close(sock, 1009)  # 1009 - CLOSE_TOO_LARGE
@@ -942,9 +942,7 @@ class TestASGIWebsockets(TestApplicationPython):
         frame = self.ws.frame_read(sock)
 
         if frame['opcode'] == self.ws.OP_TEXT:
-            self.check_frame(
-                frame, True, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'fragment1fragment2'
-            )
+            self.check_frame(frame, True, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'fragment1fragment2')
             frame = None
 
         self.check_close(sock, 1002, frame=frame)
@@ -1189,7 +1187,7 @@ class TestASGIWebsockets(TestApplicationPython):
 
         _, sock, _ = self.ws.upgrade()
 
-        self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'BAsd7&jh23' * 26 * 2 ** 10)
+        self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'BAsd7&jh23' * 26 * 2**10)
         self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, payload)
         self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_CLOSE, self.ws.serialize_close())
 
@@ -1351,62 +1349,62 @@ class TestASGIWebsockets(TestApplicationPython):
 
         def check_message(opcode, f_size):
             if opcode == self.ws.OP_TEXT:
-                payload = '*' * 4 * 2 ** 20
+                payload = '*' * 4 * 2**20
             else:
-                payload = b'*' * 4 * 2 ** 20
+                payload = b'*' * 4 * 2**20
 
             self.ws.message(sock, opcode, payload, fragmention_size=f_size)
             frame = self.ws.frame_read(sock, read_timeout=5)
             self.check_frame(frame, True, opcode, payload)
 
-        check_payload(op_text, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_1_1
-        check_payload(op_text, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_1_2
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_3
-        check_payload(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_4
-        check_payload(op_text, 8 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_5
-        check_payload(op_text, 16 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_6
+        check_payload(op_text, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_1_1
+        check_payload(op_text, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_1_2
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20)  # 9_1_3
+        check_payload(op_text, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_1_4
+        check_payload(op_text, 8 * 2**20)  # 9_1_5
+        check_payload(op_text, 16 * 2**20)  # 9_1_6
 
-        check_payload(op_binary, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_2_1
-        check_payload(op_binary, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_2_2
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_3
-        check_payload(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_4
-        check_payload(op_binary, 8 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_5
-        check_payload(op_binary, 16 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_6
+        check_payload(op_binary, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_2_1
+        check_payload(op_binary, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_2_2
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20)  # 9_2_3
+        check_payload(op_binary, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_2_4
+        check_payload(op_binary, 8 * 2**20)  # 9_2_5
+        check_payload(op_binary, 16 * 2**20)  # 9_2_6
 
         if option.system != 'Darwin' and option.system != 'FreeBSD':
             check_message(op_text, 64)  # 9_3_1
             check_message(op_text, 256)  # 9_3_2
-            check_message(op_text, 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_3
-            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_4
-            check_message(op_text, 16 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_5
-            check_message(op_text, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_6
-            check_message(op_text, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_7
-            check_message(op_text, 2 ** 20)  # 9_3_8
-            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_3_9
+            check_message(op_text, 2**10)  # 9_3_3
+            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2**10)  # 9_3_4
+            check_message(op_text, 16 * 2**10)  # 9_3_5
+            check_message(op_text, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_3_6
+            check_message(op_text, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_3_7
+            check_message(op_text, 2**20)  # 9_3_8
+            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_3_9
 
             check_message(op_binary, 64)  # 9_4_1
             check_message(op_binary, 256)  # 9_4_2
-            check_message(op_binary, 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_3
-            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_4
-            check_message(op_binary, 16 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_5
-            check_message(op_binary, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_6
-            check_message(op_binary, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_7
-            check_message(op_binary, 2 ** 20)  # 9_4_8
-            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_4_9
+            check_message(op_binary, 2**10)  # 9_4_3
+            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2**10)  # 9_4_4
+            check_message(op_binary, 16 * 2**10)  # 9_4_5
+            check_message(op_binary, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_4_6
+            check_message(op_binary, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_4_7
+            check_message(op_binary, 2**20)  # 9_4_8
+            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_4_9
 
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=64)  # 9_5_1
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=128)  # 9_5_2
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=256)  # 9_5_3
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=512)  # 9_5_4
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_5_5
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_5_6
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=64)  # 9_5_1
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=128)  # 9_5_2
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=256)  # 9_5_3
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=512)  # 9_5_4
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_5_5
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_5_6
 
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=64)  # 9_6_1
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=128)  # 9_6_2
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=256)  # 9_6_3
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=512)  # 9_6_4
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_6_5
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_6_6
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=64)  # 9_6_1
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=128)  # 9_6_2
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=256)  # 9_6_3
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=512)  # 9_6_4
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_6_5
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_6_6
 
         self.close_connection(sock)
 
diff --git a/test/test_go_application.py b/test/test_go_application.py
index 7c897b20..c8cf3e53 100644
--- a/test/test_go_application.py
+++ b/test/test_go_application.py
@@ -157,9 +157,7 @@ class TestGoApplication(TestApplicationGo):
             'applications/command_line_arguments/arguments',
         )
 
-        assert (
-            self.get()['body'] == arg1 + ',' + arg2 + ',' + arg3
-        ), 'arguments'
+        assert self.get()['body'] == arg1 + ',' + arg2 + ',' + arg3, 'arguments'
 
     def test_go_application_command_line_arguments_change(self):
         self.load('command_line_arguments')
@@ -176,6 +174,4 @@ class TestGoApplication(TestApplicationGo):
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf('[]', args_path)
 
-        assert (
-            self.get()['headers']['Content-Length'] == '0'
-        ), 'arguments empty'
+        assert self.get()['headers']['Content-Length'] == '0', 'arguments empty'
diff --git a/test/test_go_isolation.py b/test/test_go_isolation.py
index 72988a34..c3f92679 100644
--- a/test/test_go_isolation.py
+++ b/test/test_go_isolation.py
@@ -167,9 +167,7 @@ class TestGoIsolation(TestApplicationGo):
             user='nobody',
             isolation={
                 'namespaces': {'credential': True},
-                'uidmap': [
-                    {'container': 0, 'host': 0, 'size': nobody_uid + 1}
-                ],
+                'uidmap': [{'container': 0, 'host': 0, 'size': nobody_uid + 1}],
             },
         )
 
diff --git a/test/test_http_header.py b/test/test_http_header.py
index ca355eb7..6773c44f 100644
--- a/test/test_http_header.py
+++ b/test/test_http_header.py
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ Connection: close
             self.post(
                 headers={
                     'Host': 'localhost',
-                    'Content-Length': str(2 ** 64),
+                    'Content-Length': str(2**64),
                     'Connection': 'close',
                 },
                 body='X' * 1000,
@@ -325,9 +325,7 @@ Connection: close
     def test_http_header_host_port_empty(self):
         self.load('host')
 
-        resp = self.get(
-            headers={'Host': 'exmaple.com:', 'Connection': 'close'}
-        )
+        resp = self.get(headers={'Host': 'exmaple.com:', 'Connection': 'close'})
 
         assert resp['status'] == 200, 'Host port empty status'
         assert (
@@ -376,9 +374,7 @@ Connection: close
     def test_http_header_host_trailing_period_2(self):
         self.load('host')
 
-        resp = self.get(
-            headers={'Host': 'EXAMPLE.COM.', 'Connection': 'close'}
-        )
+        resp = self.get(headers={'Host': 'EXAMPLE.COM.', 'Connection': 'close'})
 
         assert resp['status'] == 200, 'Host trailing period 2 status'
         assert (
@@ -453,14 +449,16 @@ Connection: close
         assert 'CUSTOM' not in resp['headers']['All-Headers']
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {'http': {'discard_unsafe_fields': False}}, 'settings',
+            {'http': {'discard_unsafe_fields': False}},
+            'settings',
         )
 
         resp = check_status("!#$%&'*+.^`|~Custom_Header")
         assert 'CUSTOM' in resp['headers']['All-Headers']
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {'http': {'discard_unsafe_fields': True}}, 'settings',
+            {'http': {'discard_unsafe_fields': True}},
+            'settings',
         )
 
         resp = check_status("!Custom-Header")
diff --git a/test/test_java_application.py b/test/test_java_application.py
index aba49e48..adcb4eca 100644
--- a/test/test_java_application.py
+++ b/test/test_java_application.py
@@ -173,9 +173,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
             }
         )
 
-        assert (
-            resp['headers']['X-Session-Id'] == session_id
-        ), 'session active 2'
+        assert resp['headers']['X-Session-Id'] == session_id, 'session active 2'
 
         time.sleep(2)
 
@@ -187,9 +185,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
             }
         )
 
-        assert (
-            resp['headers']['X-Session-Id'] == session_id
-        ), 'session active 3'
+        assert resp['headers']['X-Session-Id'] == session_id, 'session active 3'
 
     def test_java_application_session_inactive(self):
         self.load('session_inactive')
@@ -213,9 +209,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
             }
         )
 
-        assert (
-            resp['headers']['X-Session-Id'] != session_id
-        ), 'session inactive'
+        assert resp['headers']['X-Session-Id'] != session_id, 'session inactive'
 
     def test_java_application_session_invalidate(self):
         self.load('session_invalidate')
@@ -391,9 +385,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
         assert (
             headers['X-Content-Type'] == 'text/plain;charset=utf-8'
         ), '#1 response Content-Type'
-        assert (
-            headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8'
-        ), '#1 response charset'
+        assert headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8', '#1 response charset'
 
         headers = self.get(url='/2')['headers']
 
@@ -445,15 +437,11 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
 
         headers = self.get(url='/6')['headers']
 
-        assert (
-            'Content-Type' in headers
-        ) == False, '#6 no Content-Type header'
+        assert ('Content-Type' in headers) == False, '#6 no Content-Type header'
         assert (
             'X-Content-Type' in headers
         ) == False, '#6 no response Content-Type'
-        assert (
-            headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8'
-        ), '#6 response charset'
+        assert headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8', '#6 response charset'
 
         headers = self.get(url='/7')['headers']
 
@@ -463,9 +451,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
         assert (
             headers['X-Content-Type'] == 'text/plain;charset=utf-8'
         ), '#7 response Content-Type'
-        assert (
-            headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8'
-        ), '#7 response charset'
+        assert headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8', '#7 response charset'
 
         headers = self.get(url='/8')['headers']
 
@@ -475,9 +461,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
         assert (
             headers['X-Content-Type'] == 'text/html;charset=utf-8'
         ), '#8 response Content-Type'
-        assert (
-            headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8'
-        ), '#8 response charset'
+        assert headers['X-Character-Encoding'] == 'utf-8', '#8 response charset'
 
     def test_java_application_welcome_files(self):
         self.load('welcome_files')
@@ -490,9 +474,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
 
         resp = self.get(url='/dir1/')
 
-        assert (
-            'This is index.txt.' in resp['body']
-        ) == True, 'dir1 index body'
+        assert ('This is index.txt.' in resp['body']) == True, 'dir1 index body'
         assert resp['headers']['X-TXT-Filter'] == '1', 'TXT Filter header'
 
         headers = self.get(url='/dir2/')['headers']
@@ -655,9 +637,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
         assert (
             headers['X-FORWARD-Id'] == 'data'
         ), 'forward request servlet mapping'
-        assert (
-            headers['X-FORWARD-Request-URI'] == '/fwd'
-        ), 'forward request uri'
+        assert headers['X-FORWARD-Request-URI'] == '/fwd', 'forward request uri'
         assert (
             headers['X-FORWARD-Servlet-Path'] == '/fwd'
         ), 'forward request servlet path'
@@ -1003,9 +983,7 @@ class TestJavaApplication(TestApplicationJava):
         )
 
         assert resp['status'] == 200, 'multipart status'
-        assert re.search(
-            r'sample\.txt created', resp['body']
-        ), 'multipart body'
+        assert re.search(r'sample\.txt created', resp['body']), 'multipart body'
         assert (
             self.search_in_log(
                 r'^Data from sample file$', name=reldst + '/sample.txt'
diff --git a/test/test_java_isolation_rootfs.py b/test/test_java_isolation_rootfs.py
index eac86a0c..3c6a45a3 100644
--- a/test/test_java_isolation_rootfs.py
+++ b/test/test_java_isolation_rootfs.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class TestJavaIsolationRootfs(TestApplicationJava):
 
     def setup_method(self, is_su):
         if not is_su:
-            return
+            pytest.skip('require root')
 
         os.makedirs(option.temp_dir + '/jars')
         os.makedirs(option.temp_dir + '/tmp')
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ class TestJavaIsolationRootfs(TestApplicationJava):
         self.load('empty_war', isolation=isolation)
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            '"/"', '/config/applications/empty_war/working_directory',
+            '"/"',
+            '/config/applications/empty_war/working_directory',
         )
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
diff --git a/test/test_java_websockets.py b/test/test_java_websockets.py
index a80d3bf3..362c8619 100644
--- a/test/test_java_websockets.py
+++ b/test/test_java_websockets.py
@@ -869,9 +869,7 @@ class TestJavaWebsockets(TestApplicationJava):
         frame = self.ws.frame_read(sock)
 
         if frame['opcode'] == self.ws.OP_TEXT:
-            self.check_frame(
-                frame, True, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'fragment1fragment2'
-            )
+            self.check_frame(frame, True, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'fragment1fragment2')
             frame = None
 
         self.check_close(sock, 1002, frame=frame)
@@ -1116,7 +1114,7 @@ class TestJavaWebsockets(TestApplicationJava):
 
         _, sock, _ = self.ws.upgrade()
 
-        self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'BAsd7&jh23' * 26 * 2 ** 10)
+        self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'BAsd7&jh23' * 26 * 2**10)
         self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, payload)
         self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_CLOSE, self.ws.serialize_close())
 
@@ -1278,62 +1276,62 @@ class TestJavaWebsockets(TestApplicationJava):
 
         def check_message(opcode, f_size):
             if opcode == self.ws.OP_TEXT:
-                payload = '*' * 4 * 2 ** 20
+                payload = '*' * 4 * 2**20
             else:
-                payload = b'*' * 4 * 2 ** 20
+                payload = b'*' * 4 * 2**20
 
             self.ws.message(sock, opcode, payload, fragmention_size=f_size)
             frame = self.ws.frame_read(sock, read_timeout=5)
             self.check_frame(frame, True, opcode, payload)
 
-        check_payload(op_text, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_1_1
-        check_payload(op_text, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_1_2
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_3
-        check_payload(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_4
-        check_payload(op_text, 8 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_5
-        check_payload(op_text, 16 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_6
+        check_payload(op_text, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_1_1
+        check_payload(op_text, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_1_2
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20)  # 9_1_3
+        check_payload(op_text, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_1_4
+        check_payload(op_text, 8 * 2**20)  # 9_1_5
+        check_payload(op_text, 16 * 2**20)  # 9_1_6
 
-        check_payload(op_binary, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_2_1
-        check_payload(op_binary, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_2_2
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_3
-        check_payload(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_4
-        check_payload(op_binary, 8 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_5
-        check_payload(op_binary, 16 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_6
+        check_payload(op_binary, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_2_1
+        check_payload(op_binary, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_2_2
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20)  # 9_2_3
+        check_payload(op_binary, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_2_4
+        check_payload(op_binary, 8 * 2**20)  # 9_2_5
+        check_payload(op_binary, 16 * 2**20)  # 9_2_6
 
         if option.system != 'Darwin' and option.system != 'FreeBSD':
             check_message(op_text, 64)  # 9_3_1
             check_message(op_text, 256)  # 9_3_2
-            check_message(op_text, 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_3
-            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_4
-            check_message(op_text, 16 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_5
-            check_message(op_text, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_6
-            check_message(op_text, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_7
-            check_message(op_text, 2 ** 20)  # 9_3_8
-            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_3_9
+            check_message(op_text, 2**10)  # 9_3_3
+            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2**10)  # 9_3_4
+            check_message(op_text, 16 * 2**10)  # 9_3_5
+            check_message(op_text, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_3_6
+            check_message(op_text, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_3_7
+            check_message(op_text, 2**20)  # 9_3_8
+            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_3_9
 
             check_message(op_binary, 64)  # 9_4_1
             check_message(op_binary, 256)  # 9_4_2
-            check_message(op_binary, 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_3
-            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_4
-            check_message(op_binary, 16 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_5
-            check_message(op_binary, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_6
-            check_message(op_binary, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_7
-            check_message(op_binary, 2 ** 20)  # 9_4_8
-            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_4_9
+            check_message(op_binary, 2**10)  # 9_4_3
+            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2**10)  # 9_4_4
+            check_message(op_binary, 16 * 2**10)  # 9_4_5
+            check_message(op_binary, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_4_6
+            check_message(op_binary, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_4_7
+            check_message(op_binary, 2**20)  # 9_4_8
+            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_4_9
 
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=64)  # 9_5_1
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=128)  # 9_5_2
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=256)  # 9_5_3
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=512)  # 9_5_4
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_5_5
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_5_6
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=64)  # 9_5_1
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=128)  # 9_5_2
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=256)  # 9_5_3
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=512)  # 9_5_4
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_5_5
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_5_6
 
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=64)  # 9_6_1
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=128)  # 9_6_2
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=256)  # 9_6_3
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=512)  # 9_6_4
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_6_5
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_6_6
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=64)  # 9_6_1
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=128)  # 9_6_2
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=256)  # 9_6_3
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=512)  # 9_6_4
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_6_5
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_6_6
 
         self.close_connection(sock)
 
diff --git a/test/test_node_application.py b/test/test_node_application.py
index 62a09c43..fc722582 100644
--- a/test/test_node_application.py
+++ b/test/test_node_application.py
@@ -218,9 +218,7 @@ class TestNodeApplication(TestApplicationNode):
     def test_node_application_status_message(self):
         self.load('status_message')
 
-        assert re.search(
-            r'200 blah', self.get(raw_resp=True)
-        ), 'status message'
+        assert re.search(r'200 blah', self.get(raw_resp=True)), 'status message'
 
     def test_node_application_get_header_type(self):
         self.load('get_header_type')
diff --git a/test/test_node_websockets.py b/test/test_node_websockets.py
index e4c8a05e..1f9a2e6b 100644
--- a/test/test_node_websockets.py
+++ b/test/test_node_websockets.py
@@ -888,9 +888,7 @@ class TestNodeWebsockets(TestApplicationNode):
         frame = self.ws.frame_read(sock)
 
         if frame['opcode'] == self.ws.OP_TEXT:
-            self.check_frame(
-                frame, True, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'fragment1fragment2'
-            )
+            self.check_frame(frame, True, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'fragment1fragment2')
             frame = None
 
         self.check_close(sock, 1002, frame=frame)
@@ -1135,7 +1133,7 @@ class TestNodeWebsockets(TestApplicationNode):
 
         _, sock, _ = self.ws.upgrade()
 
-        self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'BAsd7&jh23' * 26 * 2 ** 10)
+        self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, 'BAsd7&jh23' * 26 * 2**10)
         self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_TEXT, payload)
         self.ws.frame_write(sock, self.ws.OP_CLOSE, self.ws.serialize_close())
 
@@ -1297,62 +1295,62 @@ class TestNodeWebsockets(TestApplicationNode):
 
         def check_message(opcode, f_size):
             if opcode == self.ws.OP_TEXT:
-                payload = '*' * 4 * 2 ** 20
+                payload = '*' * 4 * 2**20
             else:
-                payload = b'*' * 4 * 2 ** 20
+                payload = b'*' * 4 * 2**20
 
             self.ws.message(sock, opcode, payload, fragmention_size=f_size)
             frame = self.ws.frame_read(sock, read_timeout=5)
             self.check_frame(frame, True, opcode, payload)
 
-        check_payload(op_text, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_1_1
-        check_payload(op_text, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_1_2
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_3
-        check_payload(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_4
-        check_payload(op_text, 8 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_5
-        check_payload(op_text, 16 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_1_6
+        check_payload(op_text, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_1_1
+        check_payload(op_text, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_1_2
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20)  # 9_1_3
+        check_payload(op_text, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_1_4
+        check_payload(op_text, 8 * 2**20)  # 9_1_5
+        check_payload(op_text, 16 * 2**20)  # 9_1_6
 
-        check_payload(op_binary, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_2_1
-        check_payload(op_binary, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_2_2
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_3
-        check_payload(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_4
-        check_payload(op_binary, 8 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_5
-        check_payload(op_binary, 16 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_2_6
+        check_payload(op_binary, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_2_1
+        check_payload(op_binary, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_2_2
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20)  # 9_2_3
+        check_payload(op_binary, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_2_4
+        check_payload(op_binary, 8 * 2**20)  # 9_2_5
+        check_payload(op_binary, 16 * 2**20)  # 9_2_6
 
         if option.system != 'Darwin' and option.system != 'FreeBSD':
             check_message(op_text, 64)  # 9_3_1
             check_message(op_text, 256)  # 9_3_2
-            check_message(op_text, 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_3
-            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_4
-            check_message(op_text, 16 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_5
-            check_message(op_text, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_6
-            check_message(op_text, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_3_7
-            check_message(op_text, 2 ** 20)  # 9_3_8
-            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_3_9
+            check_message(op_text, 2**10)  # 9_3_3
+            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2**10)  # 9_3_4
+            check_message(op_text, 16 * 2**10)  # 9_3_5
+            check_message(op_text, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_3_6
+            check_message(op_text, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_3_7
+            check_message(op_text, 2**20)  # 9_3_8
+            check_message(op_text, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_3_9
 
             check_message(op_binary, 64)  # 9_4_1
             check_message(op_binary, 256)  # 9_4_2
-            check_message(op_binary, 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_3
-            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_4
-            check_message(op_binary, 16 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_5
-            check_message(op_binary, 64 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_6
-            check_message(op_binary, 256 * 2 ** 10)  # 9_4_7
-            check_message(op_binary, 2 ** 20)  # 9_4_8
-            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2 ** 20)  # 9_4_9
+            check_message(op_binary, 2**10)  # 9_4_3
+            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2**10)  # 9_4_4
+            check_message(op_binary, 16 * 2**10)  # 9_4_5
+            check_message(op_binary, 64 * 2**10)  # 9_4_6
+            check_message(op_binary, 256 * 2**10)  # 9_4_7
+            check_message(op_binary, 2**20)  # 9_4_8
+            check_message(op_binary, 4 * 2**20)  # 9_4_9
 
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=64)  # 9_5_1
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=128)  # 9_5_2
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=256)  # 9_5_3
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=512)  # 9_5_4
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_5_5
-        check_payload(op_text, 2 ** 20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_5_6
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=64)  # 9_5_1
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=128)  # 9_5_2
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=256)  # 9_5_3
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=512)  # 9_5_4
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_5_5
+        check_payload(op_text, 2**20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_5_6
 
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=64)  # 9_6_1
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=128)  # 9_6_2
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=256)  # 9_6_3
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=512)  # 9_6_4
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_6_5
-        check_payload(op_binary, 2 ** 20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_6_6
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=64)  # 9_6_1
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=128)  # 9_6_2
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=256)  # 9_6_3
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=512)  # 9_6_4
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=1024)  # 9_6_5
+        check_payload(op_binary, 2**20, chopsize=2048)  # 9_6_6
 
         self.close_connection(sock)
 
diff --git a/test/test_perl_application.py b/test/test_perl_application.py
index 32d2b703..0d1d7906 100644
--- a/test/test_perl_application.py
+++ b/test/test_perl_application.py
@@ -134,8 +134,7 @@ class TestPerlApplication(TestApplicationPerl):
         assert self.get()['body'] == '1', 'errors result'
 
         assert (
-            self.wait_for_record(r'\[error\].+Error in application')
-            is not None
+            self.wait_for_record(r'\[error\].+Error in application') is not None
         ), 'errors print'
 
     def test_perl_application_header_equal_names(self):
diff --git a/test/test_php_application.py b/test/test_php_application.py
index e6540318..606ac723 100644
--- a/test/test_php_application.py
+++ b/test/test_php_application.py
@@ -419,9 +419,7 @@ opcache.preload_user = %(user)s
 
         body = self.get()['body']
 
-        assert not re.search(
-            r'time: \d+', body
-        ), 'disable_functions comma time'
+        assert not re.search(r'time: \d+', body), 'disable_functions comma time'
         assert not re.search(
             r'exec: \/\w+', body
         ), 'disable_functions comma exec'
@@ -498,9 +496,7 @@ opcache.preload_user = %(user)s
 
         body = self.get()['body']
 
-        assert not re.search(
-            r'time: \d+', body
-        ), 'disable_functions space time'
+        assert not re.search(r'time: \d+', body), 'disable_functions space time'
         assert not re.search(
             r'exec: \/\w+', body
         ), 'disable_functions space exec'
@@ -671,7 +667,8 @@ opcache.preload_user = %(user)s
         assert resp['body'] == script_cwd, 'default cwd'
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            '"' + option.test_dir + '"', 'applications/cwd/working_directory',
+            '"' + option.test_dir + '"',
+            'applications/cwd/working_directory',
         )
 
         resp = self.get()
diff --git a/test/test_proxy.py b/test/test_proxy.py
index 9245ef1c..68ae2394 100644
--- a/test/test_proxy.py
+++ b/test/test_proxy.py
@@ -75,8 +75,7 @@ Content-Length: 10
                         "type": self.get_application_type(),
                         "processes": {"spare": 0},
                         "path": option.test_dir + "/python/mirror",
-                        "working_directory": option.test_dir
-                        + "/python/mirror",
+                        "working_directory": option.test_dir + "/python/mirror",
                         "module": "wsgi",
                     },
                     "custom_header": {
@@ -126,8 +125,7 @@ Content-Length: 10
                         "type": self.get_application_type(),
                         "processes": {"spare": 0},
                         "path": option.test_dir + "/python/mirror",
-                        "working_directory": option.test_dir
-                        + "/python/mirror",
+                        "working_directory": option.test_dir + "/python/mirror",
                         "module": "wsgi",
                     }
                 },
@@ -502,8 +500,7 @@ Content-Length: 10
                         "type": self.get_application_type(),
                         "processes": {"spare": 0},
                         "path": option.test_dir + "/python/mirror",
-                        "working_directory": option.test_dir
-                        + "/python/mirror",
+                        "working_directory": option.test_dir + "/python/mirror",
                         "module": "wsgi",
                     },
                 },
diff --git a/test/test_proxy_chunked.py b/test/test_proxy_chunked.py
index 73d94332..f024eaf5 100644
--- a/test/test_proxy_chunked.py
+++ b/test/test_proxy_chunked.py
@@ -90,12 +90,13 @@ class TestProxyChunked(TestApplicationPython):
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
             {
-                "listeners": {"*:7080": {"pass": "routes"},},
+                "listeners": {
+                    "*:7080": {"pass": "routes"},
+                },
                 "routes": [
                     {
                         "action": {
-                            "proxy": "http://127.0.0.1:"
-                            + str(self.SERVER_PORT)
+                            "proxy": "http://127.0.0.1:" + str(self.SERVER_PORT)
                         }
                     }
                 ],
@@ -166,9 +167,7 @@ class TestProxyChunked(TestApplicationPython):
 
         assert (
             self.get_http10(
-                body=self.chunks(
-                    [('1', hex(i % 16)[2:]) for i in range(4096)]
-                ),
+                body=self.chunks([('1', hex(i % 16)[2:]) for i in range(4096)]),
             )['body']
             == part * 256
         )
@@ -210,8 +209,7 @@ class TestProxyChunked(TestApplicationPython):
         assert resp['body'][-5:] != '0\r\n\r\n', 'no zero chunk'
 
         assert (
-            self.get_http10(body='\r\n\r\n80000000\r\nA X 100')['status']
-            == 200
+            self.get_http10(body='\r\n\r\n80000000\r\nA X 100')['status'] == 200
         )
         assert (
             self.get_http10(body='\r\n\r\n10000000000000000\r\nA X 100')[
diff --git a/test/test_python_application.py b/test/test_python_application.py
index 7bd43664..9463b792 100644
--- a/test/test_python_application.py
+++ b/test/test_python_application.py
@@ -735,9 +735,7 @@ last line: 987654321
             'nobody uid user=nobody group=%s' % group
         )
 
-        assert obj['GID'] == group_id, (
-            'nobody gid user=nobody group=%s' % group
-        )
+        assert obj['GID'] == group_id, 'nobody gid user=nobody group=%s' % group
 
         self.load('user_group', group=group)
 
diff --git a/test/test_python_isolation.py b/test/test_python_isolation.py
index 53d28285..8cef6812 100644
--- a/test/test_python_isolation.py
+++ b/test/test_python_isolation.py
@@ -56,9 +56,7 @@ class TestPythonIsolation(TestApplicationPython):
 
         ret = self.getjson(url='/?path=/app/python/ns_inspect')
 
-        assert (
-            ret['body']['FileExists'] == True
-        ), 'application exists in rootfs'
+        assert ret['body']['FileExists'] == True, 'application exists in rootfs'
 
     def test_python_isolation_rootfs_no_language_deps(self, is_su, temp_dir):
         if not is_su:
@@ -93,8 +91,7 @@ class TestPythonIsolation(TestApplicationPython):
         self.load('ns_inspect', isolation=isolation)
 
         assert (
-            self.getjson(url='/?path=/proc/self')['body']['FileExists']
-            == False
+            self.getjson(url='/?path=/proc/self')['body']['FileExists'] == False
         ), 'no /proc/self'
 
         isolation['automount']['procfs'] = True
diff --git a/test/test_python_isolation_chroot.py b/test/test_python_isolation_chroot.py
index 1554fb72..8e5b5fce 100644
--- a/test/test_python_isolation_chroot.py
+++ b/test/test_python_isolation_chroot.py
@@ -35,6 +35,4 @@ class TestPythonIsolation(TestApplicationPython):
 
         ret = self.getjson(url='/?path=/app/python/ns_inspect')
 
-        assert (
-            ret['body']['FileExists'] == True
-        ), 'application exists in rootfs'
+        assert ret['body']['FileExists'] == True, 'application exists in rootfs'
diff --git a/test/test_respawn.py b/test/test_respawn.py
index 5a5d6126..19d97d37 100644
--- a/test/test_respawn.py
+++ b/test/test_respawn.py
@@ -82,8 +82,7 @@ class TestRespawn(TestApplicationPython):
         skip_alert(r'process %s exited on signal 9' % pid)
 
         assert (
-            self.wait_for_process(self.PATTERN_CONTROLLER, unit_pid)
-            is not None
+            self.wait_for_process(self.PATTERN_CONTROLLER, unit_pid) is not None
         )
 
         assert self.get()['status'] == 200
diff --git a/test/test_routing.py b/test/test_routing.py
index a45d0309..fda429a4 100644
--- a/test/test_routing.py
+++ b/test/test_routing.py
@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
             {
                 "listeners": {"*:7080": {"pass": "routes"}},
                 "routes": [
-                    {"match": {"method": "GET"}, "action": {"return": 200},}
+                    {
+                        "match": {"method": "GET"},
+                        "action": {"return": 200},
+                    }
                 ],
                 "applications": {},
             }
@@ -490,11 +493,15 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
             'routes/0/action',
         ), 'proxy share'
         assert 'error' in self.conf(
-            {"proxy": "http://127.0.0.1:7081", "pass": "applications/app",},
+            {
+                "proxy": "http://127.0.0.1:7081",
+                "pass": "applications/app",
+            },
             'routes/0/action',
         ), 'proxy pass'
         assert 'error' in self.conf(
-            {"share": temp_dir, "pass": "applications/app"}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": temp_dir, "pass": "applications/app"},
+            'routes/0/action',
         ), 'share pass'
 
     def test_routes_rules_two(self):
@@ -693,7 +700,8 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
         assert self.post()['status'] == 404, 'routes edit POST'
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf_post(
-            {"match": {"method": "POST"}, "action": {"return": 200}}, 'routes',
+            {"match": {"method": "POST"}, "action": {"return": 200}},
+            'routes',
         ), 'routes edit configure 2'
         assert 'GET' == self.conf_get(
             'routes/0/match/method'
@@ -733,7 +741,8 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
         assert self.post()['status'] == 404, 'routes edit POST 5'
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf_post(
-            {"match": {"method": "POST"}, "action": {"return": 200}}, 'routes',
+            {"match": {"method": "POST"}, "action": {"return": 200}},
+            'routes',
         ), 'routes edit configure 6'
 
         assert self.get()['status'] == 404, 'routes edit GET 6'
@@ -1042,9 +1051,7 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
 
         def check_headers(hds):
             hds = dict({"Host": "localhost", "Connection": "close"}, **hds)
-            assert (
-                self.get(headers=hds)['status'] == 200
-            ), 'headers array match'
+            assert self.get(headers=hds)['status'] == 200, 'headers array match'
 
         def check_headers_404(hds):
             hds = dict({"Host": "localhost", "Connection": "close"}, **hds)
@@ -1262,9 +1269,7 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
             self.get(url='/?foo=bar&blah=test')['status'] == 200
         ), 'multiple 2'
         assert self.get(url='/?foo=bar&blah')['status'] == 404, 'multiple 3'
-        assert (
-            self.get(url='/?foo=bar&blah=tes')['status'] == 404
-        ), 'multiple 4'
+        assert self.get(url='/?foo=bar&blah=tes')['status'] == 404, 'multiple 4'
         assert (
             self.get(url='/?foo=b%61r&bl%61h=t%65st')['status'] == 200
         ), 'multiple 5'
@@ -1494,9 +1499,7 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
         sock, port = sock_port()
         sock2, port2 = sock_port()
 
-        self.route_match(
-            {"source": "127.0.0.1:" + str(port) + "-" + str(port)}
-        )
+        self.route_match({"source": "127.0.0.1:" + str(port) + "-" + str(port)})
         assert self.get(sock=sock)['status'] == 200, 'range single'
         assert self.get(sock=sock2)['status'] == 404, 'range single 2'
 
@@ -1544,7 +1547,10 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
 
     def test_routes_source_addr(self):
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {"*:7080": {"pass": "routes"}, "[::1]:7081": {"pass": "routes"},},
+            {
+                "*:7080": {"pass": "routes"},
+                "[::1]:7081": {"pass": "routes"},
+            },
             'listeners',
         ), 'source listeners configure'
 
@@ -1650,7 +1656,10 @@ class TestRouting(TestApplicationPython):
 
     def test_routes_source_cidr(self):
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {"*:7080": {"pass": "routes"}, "[::1]:7081": {"pass": "routes"},},
+            {
+                "*:7080": {"pass": "routes"},
+                "[::1]:7081": {"pass": "routes"},
+            },
             'listeners',
         ), 'source listeners configure'
 
diff --git a/test/test_ruby_application.py b/test/test_ruby_application.py
index ed0200d9..319dfb4f 100644
--- a/test/test_ruby_application.py
+++ b/test/test_ruby_application.py
@@ -175,8 +175,7 @@ class TestRubyApplication(TestApplicationRuby):
         self.get()
 
         assert (
-            self.wait_for_record(r'\[error\].+Error in application')
-            is not None
+            self.wait_for_record(r'\[error\].+Error in application') is not None
         ), 'errors puts'
 
     def test_ruby_application_errors_puts_int(self):
@@ -194,8 +193,7 @@ class TestRubyApplication(TestApplicationRuby):
         self.get()
 
         assert (
-            self.wait_for_record(r'\[error\].+Error in application')
-            is not None
+            self.wait_for_record(r'\[error\].+Error in application') is not None
         ), 'errors write'
 
     def test_ruby_application_errors_write_to_s_custom(self):
@@ -229,7 +227,8 @@ class TestRubyApplication(TestApplicationRuby):
         try:
             locales = (
                 subprocess.check_output(
-                    ['locale', '-a'], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+                    ['locale', '-a'],
+                    stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
                 )
                 .decode()
                 .split('\n')
diff --git a/test/test_ruby_hooks.py b/test/test_ruby_hooks.py
index 20980ad7..b4a79ebb 100644
--- a/test/test_ruby_hooks.py
+++ b/test/test_ruby_hooks.py
@@ -81,7 +81,10 @@ class TestRubyHooks(TestApplicationRuby):
         threads = 1
 
         self.load(
-            'hooks', processes=processes, threads=threads, hooks='multiple.rb',
+            'hooks',
+            processes=processes,
+            threads=threads,
+            hooks='multiple.rb',
         )
 
         hooked = self._wait_cookie('worker_boot.*', processes)
diff --git a/test/test_ruby_isolation.py b/test/test_ruby_isolation.py
index 940427f1..ea208523 100644
--- a/test/test_ruby_isolation.py
+++ b/test/test_ruby_isolation.py
@@ -34,11 +34,13 @@ class TestRubyIsolation(TestApplicationRuby):
         self.load('status_int', isolation=isolation)
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            '"/ruby/status_int/config.ru"', 'applications/status_int/script',
+            '"/ruby/status_int/config.ru"',
+            'applications/status_int/script',
         )
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            '"/ruby/status_int"', 'applications/status_int/working_directory',
+            '"/ruby/status_int"',
+            'applications/status_int/working_directory',
         )
 
         assert self.get()['status'] == 200, 'status int'
diff --git a/test/test_settings.py b/test/test_settings.py
index a16e35e8..ea3cfb99 100644
--- a/test/test_settings.py
+++ b/test/test_settings.py
@@ -207,9 +207,7 @@ Connection: close
             {"unix:" + addr: {'application': 'body_generate'}}, 'listeners'
         )
 
-        assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {'http': {'send_timeout': 1}}, 'settings'
-        )
+        assert 'success' in self.conf({'http': {'send_timeout': 1}}, 'settings')
 
         data = req(addr, data_len)
         assert re.search(r'200 OK', data), 'send timeout status'
@@ -237,14 +235,10 @@ Connection: close
 
         assert self.get()['status'] == 200, 'init'
 
-        assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {'http': {'idle_timeout': 2}}, 'settings'
-        )
+        assert 'success' in self.conf({'http': {'idle_timeout': 2}}, 'settings')
         assert req()['status'] == 408, 'status idle timeout'
 
-        assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {'http': {'idle_timeout': 7}}, 'settings'
-        )
+        assert 'success' in self.conf({'http': {'idle_timeout': 7}}, 'settings')
         assert req()['status'] == 200, 'status idle timeout 2'
 
     def test_settings_idle_timeout_2(self):
@@ -259,14 +253,10 @@ Connection: close
 
         assert self.get()['status'] == 200, 'init'
 
-        assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {'http': {'idle_timeout': 1}}, 'settings'
-        )
+        assert 'success' in self.conf({'http': {'idle_timeout': 1}}, 'settings')
         assert req()['status'] == 408, 'status idle timeout'
 
-        assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {'http': {'idle_timeout': 7}}, 'settings'
-        )
+        assert 'success' in self.conf({'http': {'idle_timeout': 7}}, 'settings')
         assert req()['status'] == 200, 'status idle timeout 2'
 
     def test_settings_max_body_size(self):
diff --git a/test/test_static.py b/test/test_static.py
index 1d9c754a..5ec49f38 100644
--- a/test/test_static.py
+++ b/test/test_static.py
@@ -133,7 +133,8 @@ class TestStatic(TestApplicationProto):
 
     def test_static_space_in_name(self, temp_dir):
         os.rename(
-            temp_dir + '/assets/dir/file', temp_dir + '/assets/dir/fi le',
+            temp_dir + '/assets/dir/file',
+            temp_dir + '/assets/dir/fi le',
         )
         assert waitforfiles(temp_dir + '/assets/dir/fi le')
         assert self.get(url='/dir/fi le')['body'] == 'blah', 'file name'
@@ -154,9 +155,7 @@ class TestStatic(TestApplicationProto):
         assert (
             self.get(url='/ di r %2Ffi le')['body'] == 'blah'
         ), 'slash encoded'
-        assert (
-            self.get(url='/ di r /fi%20le')['body'] == 'blah'
-        ), 'file encoded'
+        assert self.get(url='/ di r /fi%20le')['body'] == 'blah', 'file encoded'
         assert (
             self.get(url='/%20di%20r%20%2Ffi%20le')['body'] == 'blah'
         ), 'encoded'
@@ -195,7 +194,8 @@ class TestStatic(TestApplicationProto):
             ), 'file name 2'
 
             os.rename(
-                temp_dir + '/assets/ di r ', temp_dir + '/assets/ди ректория',
+                temp_dir + '/assets/ di r ',
+                temp_dir + '/assets/ди ректория',
             )
             assert waitforfiles(temp_dir + '/assets/ди ректория/фа йл')
             assert (
@@ -266,13 +266,14 @@ class TestStatic(TestApplicationProto):
             self.get(url='/')['headers']['Content-Type'] == 'text/plain'
         ), 'mime_types index default'
         assert (
-            self.get(url='/dir/file')['headers']['Content-Type']
-            == 'text/plain'
+            self.get(url='/dir/file')['headers']['Content-Type'] == 'text/plain'
         ), 'mime_types file in dir'
 
     def test_static_mime_types_partial_match(self):
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {"text/x-blah": ["ile", "fil", "f", "e", ".file"],},
+            {
+                "text/x-blah": ["ile", "fil", "f", "e", ".file"],
+            },
             'settings/http/static/mime_types',
         ), 'configure mime_types'
         assert 'Content-Type' not in self.get(url='/dir/file'), 'partial match'
@@ -313,16 +314,14 @@ class TestStatic(TestApplicationProto):
             '"file"', 'settings/http/static/mime_types/text%2Fplain'
         ), 'mime_types add array element'
         assert (
-            self.get(url='/dir/file')['headers']['Content-Type']
-            == 'text/plain'
+            self.get(url='/dir/file')['headers']['Content-Type'] == 'text/plain'
         ), 'mime_types reverted'
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
             '"file"', 'settings/http/static/mime_types/text%2Fplain'
         ), 'configure mime_types update'
         assert (
-            self.get(url='/dir/file')['headers']['Content-Type']
-            == 'text/plain'
+            self.get(url='/dir/file')['headers']['Content-Type'] == 'text/plain'
         ), 'mime_types updated'
         assert (
             'Content-Type' not in self.get(url='/log.log')['headers']
@@ -346,7 +345,10 @@ class TestStatic(TestApplicationProto):
             'settings/http/static/mime_types',
         ), 'mime_types same extensions array'
         assert 'error' in self.conf(
-            {"text/x-code": [".h", ".c", "readme"], "text/plain": "README",},
+            {
+                "text/x-code": [".h", ".c", "readme"],
+                "text/plain": "README",
+            },
             'settings/http/static/mime_types',
         ), 'mime_types same extensions case insensitive'
 
diff --git a/test/test_static_chroot.py b/test/test_static_chroot.py
index 62288807..b896a9b9 100644
--- a/test/test_static_chroot.py
+++ b/test/test_static_chroot.py
@@ -26,13 +26,14 @@ class TestStaticChroot(TestApplicationProto):
 
     def update_action(self, share, chroot):
         return self.conf(
-            {"share": share, "chroot": chroot}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": share, "chroot": chroot},
+            'routes/0/action',
         )
 
     def get_custom(self, uri, host):
-        return self.get(
-            url=uri, headers={'Host': host, 'Connection': 'close'}
-        )['status']
+        return self.get(url=uri, headers={'Host': host, 'Connection': 'close'})[
+            'status'
+        ]
 
     def test_static_chroot(self, temp_dir):
         assert self.get(url='/dir/file')['status'] == 200, 'default chroot'
@@ -101,7 +102,8 @@ class TestStaticChroot(TestApplicationProto):
         ), 'chroot empty absolute'
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {"share": ".$uri", "chroot": ""}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": ".$uri", "chroot": ""},
+            'routes/0/action',
         ), 'configure chroot empty relative'
 
         assert (
@@ -120,13 +122,15 @@ class TestStaticChroot(TestApplicationProto):
         assert self.get(url='/dir/file')['status'] == 403, 'relative chroot'
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {"share": ".$uri"}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": ".$uri"},
+            'routes/0/action',
         ), 'configure relative share'
 
         assert self.get(url=self.test_path)['status'] == 200, 'relative share'
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {"share": ".$uri", "chroot": "."}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": ".$uri", "chroot": "."},
+            'routes/0/action',
         ), 'configure relative'
 
         assert self.get(url=self.test_path)['status'] == 200, 'relative'
@@ -208,13 +212,16 @@ class TestStaticChroot(TestApplicationProto):
 
     def test_static_chroot_invalid(self, temp_dir):
         assert 'error' in self.conf(
-            {"share": temp_dir, "chroot": True}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": temp_dir, "chroot": True},
+            'routes/0/action',
         ), 'configure chroot error'
         assert 'error' in self.conf(
-            {"share": temp_dir, "symlinks": "True"}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": temp_dir, "symlinks": "True"},
+            'routes/0/action',
         ), 'configure symlink error'
         assert 'error' in self.conf(
-            {"share": temp_dir, "mount": "True"}, 'routes/0/action',
+            {"share": temp_dir, "mount": "True"},
+            'routes/0/action',
         ), 'configure mount error'
 
         assert 'error' in self.update_action(
diff --git a/test/test_static_mount.py b/test/test_static_mount.py
index 82eda956..91cf836c 100644
--- a/test/test_static_mount.py
+++ b/test/test_static_mount.py
@@ -41,9 +41,7 @@ class TestStaticMount(TestApplicationProto):
         self._load_conf(
             {
                 "listeners": {"*:7080": {"pass": "routes"}},
-                "routes": [
-                    {"action": {"share": temp_dir + "/assets/dir$uri"}}
-                ],
+                "routes": [{"action": {"share": temp_dir + "/assets/dir$uri"}}],
             }
         )
 
diff --git a/test/test_tls.py b/test/test_tls.py
index fb28bc88..dab8ffba 100644
--- a/test/test_tls.py
+++ b/test/test_tls.py
@@ -358,9 +358,7 @@ basicConstraints = critical,CA:TRUE"""
 
         self.add_tls(cert='int')
 
-        assert (
-            self.get_ssl()['status'] == 200
-        ), 'certificate chain intermediate'
+        assert self.get_ssl()['status'] == 200, 'certificate chain intermediate'
 
         # intermediate server
 
diff --git a/test/test_tls_sni.py b/test/test_tls_sni.py
index d5f205cf..dbd5d900 100644
--- a/test/test_tls_sni.py
+++ b/test/test_tls_sni.py
@@ -178,7 +178,8 @@ basicConstraints = critical,CA:TRUE"""
         self.add_tls(["localhost.com", "example.com"])
 
         resp, sock = self.get_ssl(
-            headers={'Content-Length': '0', 'Connection': 'close'}, start=True,
+            headers={'Content-Length': '0', 'Connection': 'close'},
+            start=True,
         )
         assert resp['status'] == 200
         assert (
@@ -272,9 +273,7 @@ basicConstraints = critical,CA:TRUE"""
         )
 
         assert resp['status'] == 200
-        assert (
-            sock.getpeercert()['subjectAltName'][0][1] == 'alt.localhost.com'
-        )
+        assert sock.getpeercert()['subjectAltName'][0][1] == 'alt.localhost.com'
 
     def test_tls_sni_invalid(self):
         self.config_bundles({"localhost": {"subj": "subj1", "alt_names": ''}})
diff --git a/test/test_tls_tickets.py b/test/test_tls_tickets.py
index 6899eaa1..5399fae7 100644
--- a/test/test_tls_tickets.py
+++ b/test/test_tls_tickets.py
@@ -17,9 +17,7 @@ class TestTLSTicket(TestApplicationTLS):
     prerequisites = {'modules': {'openssl': 'any'}}
 
     ticket = 'U1oDTh11mMxODuw12gS0EXX1E/PkZG13cJNQ6m5+6BGlfPTjNlIEw7PSVU3X1gTE'
-    ticket2 = (
-        '5AV0DSYIYbZWZQB7fCnTHZmMxtotb/aXjam+n2XS79lTvX3Tq9xGqpC8XKNEF2lt'
-    )
+    ticket2 = '5AV0DSYIYbZWZQB7fCnTHZmMxtotb/aXjam+n2XS79lTvX3Tq9xGqpC8XKNEF2lt'
     ticket80 = '6Pfil8lv/k8zf8MndPpfXaO5EAV6dhME6zs6CfUyq2yziynQwSywtKQMqHGnJ2HR\
 49TZXi/Y4/8RSIO7QPsU51/HLR1gWIMhVM2m9yh93Bw='
 
@@ -182,7 +180,8 @@ class TestTLSTicket(TestApplicationTLS):
     def test_tls_ticket_invalid(self):
         def check_tickets(tickets):
             assert 'error' in self.conf(
-                {"tickets": tickets}, 'listeners/*:7080/tls/session',
+                {"tickets": tickets},
+                'listeners/*:7080/tls/session',
             )
 
         check_tickets({})
diff --git a/test/test_upstreams_rr.py b/test/test_upstreams_rr.py
index 4cb6bb2e..dd64e1d9 100644
--- a/test/test_upstreams_rr.py
+++ b/test/test_upstreams_rr.py
@@ -342,7 +342,8 @@ Connection: close
         assert self.get()['body'] == ''
 
         assert 'success' in self.conf(
-            {"127.0.0.1:7083": {"weight": 2}}, 'upstreams/one/servers',
+            {"127.0.0.1:7083": {"weight": 2}},
+            'upstreams/one/servers',
         ), 'active req new server'
         assert 'success' in self.conf_delete(
             'upstreams/one/servers/127.0.0.1:7083'
diff --git a/test/test_usr1.py b/test/test_usr1.py
index 9a12b747..3d190935 100644
--- a/test/test_usr1.py
+++ b/test/test_usr1.py
@@ -59,9 +59,7 @@ class TestUSR1(TestApplicationPython):
             body = 'body_for_a_log_new\n'
             assert self.post(body=body)['status'] == 200
 
-            assert (
-                self.wait_for_record(body, log_new) is not None
-            ), 'rename new'
+            assert self.wait_for_record(body, log_new) is not None, 'rename new'
             assert not os.path.isfile(log_path), 'rename old'
 
             os.kill(unit_pid, signal.SIGUSR1)
diff --git a/test/unit/applications/lang/go.py b/test/unit/applications/lang/go.py
index 67501e9c..04af26e1 100644
--- a/test/unit/applications/lang/go.py
+++ b/test/unit/applications/lang/go.py
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ class TestApplicationGo(TestApplicationProto):
         env['GOCACHE'] = cache_dir
 
         shutil.copy2(
-            option.test_dir + '/go/' + script + '/' + name + '.go',
-            temp_dir)
+            option.test_dir + '/go/' + script + '/' + name + '.go', temp_dir
+        )
 
         if static:
             args = [
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ class TestApplicationGo(TestApplicationProto):
                 f"""module test/app
 require unit.nginx.org/go v0.0.0
 replace unit.nginx.org/go => {replace_path}
-""")
+"""
+            )
 
         if option.detailed:
             print("\n$ GOPATH=" + env['GOPATH'] + " " + " ".join(args))
diff --git a/test/unit/applications/websockets.py b/test/unit/applications/websockets.py
index aa83339c..d647ce9b 100644
--- a/test/unit/applications/websockets.py
+++ b/test/unit/applications/websockets.py
@@ -43,7 +43,11 @@ class TestApplicationWebsocket(TestApplicationProto):
                 'Sec-WebSocket-Version': 13,
             }
 
-        _, sock = self.get(headers=headers, no_recv=True, start=True,)
+        _, sock = self.get(
+            headers=headers,
+            no_recv=True,
+            start=True,
+        )
 
         resp = ''
         while True:
@@ -218,9 +222,7 @@ class TestApplicationWebsocket(TestApplicationProto):
         while pos < message_len:
             end = min(pos + fragmention_size, message_len)
             fin = end == message_len
-            self.frame_write(
-                sock, op_code, message[pos:end], fin=fin, **kwargs
-            )
+            self.frame_write(sock, op_code, message[pos:end], fin=fin, **kwargs)
             op_code = self.OP_CONT
             pos = end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/control.py b/test/unit/control.py
index 3008a64b..99436ca0 100644
--- a/test/unit/control.py
+++ b/test/unit/control.py
@@ -30,10 +30,6 @@ def args_handler(conf_func):
 
 
 class TestControl(TestHTTP):
-
-    # TODO socket reuse
-    # TODO http client
-
     @args_handler
     def conf(self, conf, url):
         return self.put(**self._get_args(url, conf))['body']
diff --git a/test/unit/http.py b/test/unit/http.py
index dcfcd232..b4a1a17b 100644
--- a/test/unit/http.py
+++ b/test/unit/http.py
@@ -328,9 +328,7 @@ class TestHTTP:
                     datatype = value['type']
 
                 if not isinstance(value['data'], io.IOBase):
-                    pytest.fail(
-                        'multipart encoding of file requires a stream.'
-                    )
+                    pytest.fail('multipart encoding of file requires a stream.')
 
                 data = value['data'].read()