2024-01-25 19:41:11 +00:00
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package main
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2024-01-29 16:25:29 +00:00
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import "fmt" // for IO and standard library
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import "os" // for handling the progress bar
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import "math" // for maths
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2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
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import "unsafe" // for fast inverse square pointers
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import "math/rand" // for random
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import "time" // for random
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func init() {
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rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
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}
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2024-01-25 19:41:11 +00:00
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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// ================ VEC3 CLASS =====================
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type Vec3 struct {
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E [3]float32
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}
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//Basic vector functions
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func NewVec3(e0, e1, e2 float32) Vec3 {
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return Vec3{E: [3]float32{e0, e1, e2}}
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}
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func (v Vec3) X() float32 {
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return v.E[0]
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}
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// can be executed as v.X() in main
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func (v Vec3) Y() float32 {
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return v.E[1]
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}
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func (v Vec3) Z() float32 {
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return v.E[2]
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}
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func (v Vec3) Neg() Vec3 {
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return NewVec3(-v.E[0], -v.E[1], -v.E[2])
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}
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func (v Vec3) Get(i int) float32 {
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return v.E[i]
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}
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func (v *Vec3) Set(i int, val float32) {
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v.E[i] = val
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) Add(v2 Vec3) Vec3 {
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return NewVec3(v.E[0]+v2.E[0], v.E[1]+v2.E[1], v.E[2]+v2.E[2])
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) Mult(t float32) Vec3 {
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return NewVec3(v.E[0]*t, v.E[1]*t, v.E[2]*t)
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) Div(t float32) Vec3 {
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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if t != 0 {
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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return NewVec3(v.E[0] / t, v.E[1] / t, v.E[2] / t)
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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return v
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) Length() float32 {
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return float32(math.Sqrt(float64(v.E[0]*v.E[0] + v.E[1]*v.E[1] + v.E[2]*v.E[2])))
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}
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2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) Length_squared() float32 {
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return v.E[0]*v.E[0] + v.E[1]*v.E[1] + v.E[2]*v.E[2]
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}
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2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) Near_zero() bool {
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var s float64 = 1e-8
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return (math.Abs(float64(v.E[0])) < s && math.Abs(float64(v.E[1])) < s && math.Abs(float64(v.E[2])) < s)
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}
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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// Vector utility functions
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func (v Vec3) String() string {
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return fmt.Sprintf("%v %v %v", v.E[0], v.E[1], v.E[2])
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) Sub(v2 Vec3) Vec3 {
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return NewVec3(v.E[0]-v2.E[0], v.E[1]-v2.E[1], v.E[2]-v2.E[2])
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) MultVec(v2 Vec3) Vec3 {
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return NewVec3(v.E[0]*v2.E[0], v.E[1]*v2.E[1], v.E[2]*v2.E[2])
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (v Vec3) DivVec(v2 Vec3) Vec3 {
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if v2.E[0] != 0 && v2.E[1] != 0 && v2.E[2] != 0 {
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return NewVec3(v.E[0]/v2.E[0], v.E[1]/v2.E[1], v.E[2]/v2.E[2])
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}
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return v
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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func Dot(v1 Vec3, v2 Vec3) float32 {
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return (v1.E[0]*v2.E[0] + v1.E[1]*v2.E[1] + v1.E[2]*v2.E[2])
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}
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func Cross(v1 Vec3, v2 Vec3) Vec3 {
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return NewVec3(v1.E[1]*v2.E[2] - v1.E[2]*v2.E[1],
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v1.E[2]*v2.E[0] - v1.E[0]*v2.E[2],
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v1.E[0]*v2.E[1] - v1.E[1]*v2.E[0])
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}
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2024-02-12 12:05:10 +00:00
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func q_rsqrt(v Vec3) float32 {
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var x float32 = v.E[0]*v.E[0] + v.E[1]*v.E[1] + v.E[2]*v.E[2]
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i := *(*int32)(unsafe.Pointer(&x)) // evil floating point bit level hacking
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i = 0x5f3759df - (i >> 1) // what the fuck?
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y := *(*float32)(unsafe.Pointer(&i))
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return y
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}
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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func Unit_vector(v Vec3) Vec3 {
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2024-03-04 23:05:12 +00:00
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//new_v := v.Mult(q_rsqrt(v))
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2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
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new_v := v.Mult(1.0/v.Length())
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2024-02-10 17:34:15 +00:00
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return new_v
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
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func Random_in_unit_disk() Vec3 {
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for true {
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p := NewVec3(RandomDoubleInRange(-1,1), RandomDoubleInRange(-1,1), 0)
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if p.Length_squared() < 1 {
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return p
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}
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}
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return NewVec3(0,0,0)
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}
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2024-02-28 20:35:39 +00:00
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func RandomInUnitSphere() Vec3 {
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for true {
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p := RandomVec3(-1, 1)
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if (p.Length_squared() < 1) {
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return p
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}
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}
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return NewVec3(0,0,0)
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}
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func RandomUnitVector() Vec3 {
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return Unit_vector(RandomInUnitSphere())
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}
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func RandomOnHemisphere(normal Vec3) Vec3 {
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var on_unit_sphere Vec3 = RandomUnitVector()
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if (Dot(on_unit_sphere, normal) > 0.0) {
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return on_unit_sphere
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} else {
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return on_unit_sphere.Neg()
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}
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}
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2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
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func Reflect(v Vec3, n Vec3) Vec3 {
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return v.Sub(n.Mult(2*Dot(v,n)))
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}
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2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
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func Refract(uv, n Vec3, etai_over_etat float32) Vec3 {
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cos_theta := float32(math.Min(float64(Dot(uv.Neg(), n)), 1.0))
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r_out_perp := uv.Add(n.Mult(cos_theta)).Mult(etai_over_etat)
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r_out_parallel := n.Mult(-float32(math.Sqrt(math.Abs(1.0 - float64(r_out_perp.Length_squared())))))
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return r_out_perp.Add(r_out_parallel)
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2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
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const pi float32 = 3.1415926535897932385
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2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
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func Degrees_to_radians(degrees float32) float64 {
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return float64((degrees * pi) / 180.0)
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2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-29 14:16:04 +00:00
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func Linear_to_gamma(linear_component float32) float32 {
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return float32(math.Sqrt(float64(linear_component)))
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}
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2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
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func RandomDouble() float32 {
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// Returns a random real in [0,1).
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return rand.Float32()
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}
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func RandomDoubleInRange(min, max float32) float32 {
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// Returns a random real in [min,max).
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return min + (max-min)*RandomDouble()
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}
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2024-02-28 20:35:39 +00:00
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func RandomVec3(borders ...float32) Vec3 {
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if (len(borders) == 2) {
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return NewVec3(RandomDoubleInRange(borders[0], borders[1]),RandomDoubleInRange(borders[0], borders[1]),RandomDoubleInRange(borders[0], borders[1]))
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} else {
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return NewVec3(RandomDouble(),RandomDouble(),RandomDouble())
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}
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}
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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// ============== COLOUR CLASS ==============
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2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
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func Write_color(v Vec3, samples_per_pixel int) {
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// Averaging
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r := v.X() / float32(samples_per_pixel)
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g := v.Y() / float32(samples_per_pixel)
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b := v.Z() / float32(samples_per_pixel)
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2024-02-29 14:16:04 +00:00
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r = Linear_to_gamma(r)
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g = Linear_to_gamma(g)
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b = Linear_to_gamma(b)
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2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
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// Write the translate [0, 255] value of each color component
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intensity := NewInterval(0.000, 0.999)
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fmt.Println(int(intensity.Clamp(r)* 256.0), int(intensity.Clamp(g)* 256.0), int(intensity.Clamp(b)* 256.0))
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2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func NewColor(e0, e1, e2 float32) Vec3 {
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return Vec3{E: [3]float32{e0, e1, e2}}
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}
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2024-01-29 16:25:29 +00:00
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// ============== RAY CLASS =================
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func NewPoint3(e0, e1, e2 float32) Vec3 {
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return Vec3{E: [3]float32{e0, e1, e2}}
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}
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type Ray struct {
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Orig Vec3
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Dir Vec3
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func NewRay(orig Vec3, dir Vec3) *Ray {
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2024-01-29 16:25:29 +00:00
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return &Ray{Orig: orig, Dir: dir}
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (r *Ray) Origin() Vec3 {
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2024-01-29 16:25:29 +00:00
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return r.Orig
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}
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func (r *Ray) Direction() Vec3 {
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return r.Dir
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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func (r *Ray) At(t float32) Vec3 {
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return Vec3{
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E: [3]float32{
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r.Orig.X() + t*r.Dir.X(),
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r.Orig.Y() + t*r.Dir.Y(),
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r.Orig.Z() + t*r.Dir.Z(),
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},
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2024-01-29 16:25:29 +00:00
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}
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}
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2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
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// =============== INTERVAL =================
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type Interval struct {
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min, max float32
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}
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func NewInterval(borders ...float32) *Interval {
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if (len(borders) == 2) {
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return &Interval{
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min: borders[0],
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max: borders[1],
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}
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} else {
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return &Interval{
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min: float32(math.Inf(1)),
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max: float32(math.Inf(-1)),
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}
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}
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}
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func (i *Interval) Contains(x float32) bool {
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return i.min <= x && x <= i.max
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}
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func (i *Interval) Surrounds(x float32) bool {
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return i.min < x && x < i.max
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}
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2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
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func (i *Interval) Clamp(x float32) float32 {
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if (x < i.min) {
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return i.min
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} else if (x > i.max) {
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return i.max
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}
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return x
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}
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2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
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var Empty *Interval = NewInterval()
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var Universe *Interval = NewInterval(float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(1)))
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2024-02-10 17:34:15 +00:00
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2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
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// =============== HIT ======================
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type Hit_record struct {
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p Vec3
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normal Vec3
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t float32
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front_face bool
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2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
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mat Material
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2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
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}
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func (rec *Hit_record) Set_face_normal(r *Ray, outward_normal Vec3) {
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if (Dot(r.Direction(), outward_normal) < 0) {
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rec.front_face = true
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}
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if (rec.front_face) {
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rec.normal = outward_normal
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} else {
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rec.normal = outward_normal.Neg()
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}
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2024-02-03 21:48:01 +00:00
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}
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2024-02-10 17:34:15 +00:00
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// =============== SPHERE ===================
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2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
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type Sphere struct {
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center Vec3
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radius float32
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2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
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mat Material
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2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
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|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
|
|
|
func (s Sphere) Hit_sphere(r *Ray, ray_t *Interval, rec *Hit_record) bool {
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
oc := r.Origin().Sub(s.center)
|
|
|
|
a := r.Direction().Length_squared()
|
|
|
|
half_b := Dot(oc, r.Direction())
|
|
|
|
c := oc.Length_squared() - s.radius*s.radius
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
discriminant := half_b*half_b - a*c
|
2024-02-12 12:05:10 +00:00
|
|
|
if (discriminant < 0) {
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
return false
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
sqrtd := float32(math.Sqrt(float64(discriminant)))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// find the nearest root that lies in the acceptable range
|
|
|
|
root := (-half_b - sqrtd) / a
|
2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
|
|
|
if (!ray_t.Surrounds(root)) {
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
root = (sqrtd-half_b) / a
|
2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
|
|
|
if (!ray_t.Surrounds(root)) {
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
return false
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
rec.t = root
|
|
|
|
rec.p = r.At(rec.t)
|
|
|
|
outward_normal := rec.p.Sub(s.center).Div(s.radius)
|
|
|
|
rec.Set_face_normal(r, outward_normal)
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
rec.mat = s.mat
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
return true
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// =============== HITTABLE ==================
|
|
|
|
type Hittable struct {
|
|
|
|
spheres []Sphere
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func NewHittable() *Hittable {
|
|
|
|
return &Hittable{}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func (hl *Hittable) Add(s Sphere) {
|
|
|
|
hl.spheres = append(hl.spheres, s)
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func (hl *Hittable) Clear() {
|
|
|
|
hl.spheres = []Sphere{}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
|
|
|
func (hl Hittable) Hit(r *Ray, ray_t Interval, rec *Hit_record) bool {
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
var temp_rec Hit_record
|
|
|
|
var hit_anything bool = false
|
2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
|
|
|
var closest_so_far float32 = ray_t.max
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for _, sphere := range hl.spheres {
|
2024-02-27 18:01:28 +00:00
|
|
|
if (sphere.Hit_sphere(r, NewInterval(ray_t.min, closest_so_far), &temp_rec)) {
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
hit_anything = true
|
|
|
|
closest_so_far = temp_rec.t
|
|
|
|
*rec = temp_rec
|
|
|
|
}
|
2024-02-10 17:34:15 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
return hit_anything
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
// =============== MATERIAL =================
|
|
|
|
type Material struct {
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
material int
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
albedo Vec3
|
|
|
|
fuzz float32
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
ir float32
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
func NewMaterial(m int, a Vec3, f float32, i float32) Material {
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
if f >= 1.0 {
|
|
|
|
return Material{
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
material: m,
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
albedo : a,
|
|
|
|
fuzz: 1.0,
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
ir: i,
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
|
return Material{
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
material: m,
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
albedo : a,
|
|
|
|
fuzz: f,
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
ir: i,
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-03-04 23:05:12 +00:00
|
|
|
func Reflectance(cosine float32, ref_idx float32) float32 {
|
|
|
|
// Use Schlick's approximation for reflectance
|
|
|
|
r0 := (1.0-ref_idx) / (1.0+ref_idx)
|
|
|
|
r0 = r0*r0
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
return r0 + (1.0-r0)*float32(math.Pow(1.0 - float64(cosine), 5))
|
2024-03-04 23:05:12 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
func (mat Material) Scatter(r_in *Ray, rec *Hit_record, attenuation *Vec3, scattered *Ray) bool {
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
if (mat.material == 0) { //Lambertian
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
scatter_direction := rec.normal.Add(RandomUnitVector())
|
|
|
|
// Catch degenerate scatter direction
|
|
|
|
if scatter_direction.Near_zero() {
|
|
|
|
scatter_direction = rec.normal
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*scattered = *NewRay(rec.p, scatter_direction)
|
|
|
|
*attenuation = mat.albedo
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
} else if (mat.material == 1) { //Metall
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
var reflected Vec3 = Reflect(Unit_vector(r_in.Direction()), rec.normal)
|
|
|
|
*scattered = *NewRay(rec.p, reflected.Add(RandomUnitVector().Mult(mat.fuzz)))
|
|
|
|
*attenuation = mat.albedo
|
|
|
|
if !(Dot(scattered.Direction(), rec.normal) > 0) {
|
|
|
|
return false
|
|
|
|
}
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
} else if (mat.material == 2) { //Dielectric
|
|
|
|
*attenuation = NewColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
|
|
|
|
var refraction_ration float32
|
|
|
|
if rec.front_face {
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
refraction_ration = 1.0/mat.ir
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
|
refraction_ration = mat.ir
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
unit_direction := Unit_vector(r_in.Direction())
|
2024-03-04 23:05:12 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cos_theta := float32(math.Min(float64(Dot(unit_direction.Neg(), rec.normal)), 1.0))
|
|
|
|
sin_theta := float32(math.Sqrt(float64(1.0 - cos_theta*cos_theta)))
|
|
|
|
var cannot_refract bool
|
|
|
|
var direction Vec3
|
|
|
|
if (refraction_ration * sin_theta > 1.0) {
|
|
|
|
cannot_refract = true
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (cannot_refract || Reflectance(cos_theta, refraction_ration) > RandomDouble()) {
|
|
|
|
direction = Reflect(unit_direction, rec.normal)
|
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
|
direction = Refract(unit_direction, rec.normal, refraction_ration)
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*scattered = *NewRay(rec.p, direction)
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return true
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
// =============== CAMERA ===================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
type Camera struct {
|
|
|
|
aspect_ratio float32
|
|
|
|
image_width int
|
|
|
|
image_height int
|
|
|
|
center Vec3
|
|
|
|
pixel00_loc Vec3
|
|
|
|
pixel_delta_u Vec3
|
|
|
|
pixel_delta_v Vec3
|
2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
|
|
|
samples_per_pixel int
|
2024-02-29 09:08:28 +00:00
|
|
|
max_depth int
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
vfov float32
|
|
|
|
lookfrom Vec3
|
|
|
|
lookat Vec3
|
|
|
|
vup Vec3
|
|
|
|
u Vec3
|
|
|
|
v Vec3
|
|
|
|
w Vec3
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
defocus_angle float32
|
|
|
|
focus_dist float32
|
|
|
|
defocus_disk_u Vec3
|
|
|
|
defocus_disk_v Vec3
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func NewCamera() *Camera {
|
|
|
|
return &Camera{}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-29 09:08:28 +00:00
|
|
|
func Ray_color(r Ray, depth int, world *Hittable) Vec3 {
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
var rec Hit_record
|
2024-02-29 09:08:28 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (depth <= 0) {
|
|
|
|
return NewColor(0,0,0)
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (world.Hit(&r, *NewInterval(0.001, float32(math.Inf(1))), &rec)) {
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
var scattered Ray
|
|
|
|
var attenuation Vec3
|
|
|
|
if ((rec.mat).Scatter(&r, &rec, &attenuation, &scattered)) {
|
|
|
|
return attenuation.MultVec(Ray_color(scattered, depth-1, world))
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return NewColor(0.0,0.0,0.0)
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
unit_direction := Unit_vector(r.Direction())
|
|
|
|
a := (unit_direction.Y() + 1.0)*0.5
|
|
|
|
return NewColor(1.0,1.0,1.0).Mult(float32(1.0-a)).Add(NewColor(0.5,0.7,1.0).Mult(a))
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func (cam *Camera) Initialize() {
|
|
|
|
// Calculate the image height
|
|
|
|
cam.image_height = int(float32(cam.image_width) / cam.aspect_ratio)
|
|
|
|
if cam.image_height < 1 {
|
|
|
|
cam.image_height = 1
|
|
|
|
}
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
cam.center = cam.lookfrom
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
// Viewport
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
theta := Degrees_to_radians(cam.vfov)
|
|
|
|
h := float32(math.Tan(theta/2.0))
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
var viewport_height float32 = 2.0 * h * cam.focus_dist
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
var viewport_width float32 = viewport_height * float32(cam.image_width)/float32(cam.image_height)
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Calculate the u,v,w unit basis vectors for the camera coordinate frame
|
|
|
|
cam.w = Unit_vector(cam.lookfrom.Sub(cam.lookat))
|
|
|
|
cam.u = Unit_vector(Cross(cam.vup, cam.w))
|
|
|
|
cam.v = Cross(cam.w, cam.u)
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Calculate the vectors across the horizontal and down the vertical viewport edges
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
viewport_u := cam.u.Mult(viewport_width)
|
|
|
|
viewport_v := cam.v.Mult(-viewport_height)
|
2024-02-27 13:01:12 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
//Calculate the horizontal and vertical delta vectors from pixel to pixel
|
|
|
|
cam.pixel_delta_u = viewport_u.Div(float32(cam.image_width))
|
|
|
|
cam.pixel_delta_v = viewport_v.Div(float32(cam.image_height))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Calculate the location of the upper left pixel
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
viewport_upper_left := cam.center.Sub(cam.w.Mult(cam.focus_dist)).Sub(viewport_u.Div(2)).Sub(viewport_v.Div(2))
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
cam.pixel00_loc = viewport_upper_left.Add((cam.pixel_delta_u.Add(cam.pixel_delta_v)).Div(2))
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Calculate the camera defocus disk basis vectors
|
|
|
|
defocus_radius := cam.focus_dist*float32(math.Tan(Degrees_to_radians(cam.defocus_angle / 2)))
|
|
|
|
cam.defocus_disk_u = cam.u.Mult(defocus_radius)
|
|
|
|
cam.defocus_disk_v = cam.v.Mult(defocus_radius)
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func (cam *Camera) Render(world *Hittable) {
|
|
|
|
cam.Initialize()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Rendering
|
|
|
|
fmt.Println("P3")
|
|
|
|
fmt.Println(cam.image_width, " ", cam.image_height, "\n255")
|
|
|
|
for j := 0; j < cam.image_height; j++ {
|
|
|
|
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "\rScanlines remaining: %d ", cam.image_height-j)
|
|
|
|
for i := 0; i < cam.image_width; i++ {
|
2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
|
|
|
pixel_color := NewColor(0,0,0)
|
|
|
|
for sample := 0; sample < cam.samples_per_pixel; sample++ {
|
|
|
|
r := cam.GetRay(i, j)
|
2024-02-29 09:08:28 +00:00
|
|
|
pixel_color = pixel_color.Add(Ray_color(*r, cam.max_depth, world))
|
2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Write_color(pixel_color, cam.samples_per_pixel)
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
2024-02-10 17:34:15 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func (cam *Camera) Defocus_disk_sample() Vec3 {
|
|
|
|
// Returns a random point in the camera defocus disk
|
|
|
|
p := Random_in_unit_disk()
|
|
|
|
return cam.center.Add(cam.defocus_disk_u.Mult(p.E[0])).Add(cam.defocus_disk_v.Mult(p.E[1]))
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
|
|
|
func (cam *Camera) GetRay(i, j int) *Ray {
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
// Get a randomly-sampled camera ray for the pixel at location i,j originating from the camera defocus disk
|
2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
|
|
|
pixel_center := cam.pixel00_loc.Add(cam.pixel_delta_u.Mult(float32(i))).Add(cam.pixel_delta_v.Mult(float32(j)))
|
|
|
|
pixel_sample := pixel_center.Add(cam.Pixel_sample_square())
|
|
|
|
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
var ray_origin Vec3
|
|
|
|
if cam.defocus_angle <= 0 {
|
|
|
|
ray_origin = cam.center
|
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
|
ray_origin = cam.Defocus_disk_sample()
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
ray_direction := pixel_sample.Sub(ray_origin)
|
|
|
|
return NewRay(ray_origin , ray_direction)
|
2024-02-28 14:20:31 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func (cam *Camera) Pixel_sample_square() Vec3 {
|
|
|
|
// Returns a random point in the square surrounding a pixel at the origin
|
|
|
|
px := -0.5 + RandomDouble()
|
|
|
|
py := -0.5 + RandomDouble()
|
|
|
|
return (cam.pixel_delta_u.Mult(px).Add(cam.pixel_delta_v.Mult(py)))
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-01-28 13:32:04 +00:00
|
|
|
// =============== MAIN =====================
|
2024-01-25 19:41:11 +00:00
|
|
|
func main() {
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
// Materials
|
2024-03-03 19:07:26 +00:00
|
|
|
material_ground := NewMaterial(0, NewColor(0.8, 0.8, 0.0), 0.0, 0.0)
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
material_center := NewMaterial(0, NewColor(0.1, 0.2, 0.5), 0.0, 0.0)
|
|
|
|
material_left := NewMaterial(2, NewColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0), 0.0, 1.5)
|
2024-03-04 23:05:12 +00:00
|
|
|
material_right := NewMaterial(1, NewColor(0.8, 0.6, 0.2), 0.0, 0.0)
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
// World
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
world := NewHittable()
|
|
|
|
world.Add(Sphere{
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
center: NewVec3(0.0, -100.5, -1.0),
|
|
|
|
radius: 100.0,
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
mat: material_ground,
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
world.Add(Sphere{
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
center: NewVec3(0, 0, -1),
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
radius: 0.5,
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
mat: material_center,
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
world.Add(Sphere{
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
center: NewVec3(-1, 0, -1),
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
radius: 0.5,
|
|
|
|
mat: material_left,
|
|
|
|
})
|
2024-03-04 23:05:12 +00:00
|
|
|
world.Add(Sphere{
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
center: NewVec3(-1, 0, -1),
|
2024-03-04 23:05:12 +00:00
|
|
|
radius: -0.4,
|
|
|
|
mat: material_left,
|
|
|
|
})
|
2024-03-02 09:48:53 +00:00
|
|
|
world.Add(Sphere{
|
|
|
|
center: NewVec3(1.0, 0, -1.0),
|
|
|
|
radius: 0.5,
|
|
|
|
mat: material_right,
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
// Image
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cam := NewCamera()
|
|
|
|
cam.aspect_ratio = 16.0 / 9.0
|
|
|
|
cam.image_width = 400
|
2024-02-29 09:08:28 +00:00
|
|
|
cam.samples_per_pixel = 100
|
|
|
|
cam.max_depth = 50
|
2024-03-06 12:08:24 +00:00
|
|
|
cam.vfov = 20
|
|
|
|
cam.lookfrom = NewVec3(-2,2,1)
|
|
|
|
cam.lookat = NewVec3(0,0,-1)
|
|
|
|
cam.vup = NewVec3(0,1,0)
|
2024-03-09 19:27:14 +00:00
|
|
|
cam.defocus_angle = 10.0
|
|
|
|
cam.focus_dist = 3.4
|
2024-02-27 19:04:26 +00:00
|
|
|
cam.Render(world)
|
|
|
|
// INFO: The pixels are written out in rows.
|
|
|
|
// Image file can be created with
|
|
|
|
// go run main.go > image.ppm
|
2024-01-25 19:41:11 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|